Brake Failure: What to Do and How to Prevent It
Complete brake failure is rare, but knowing what to do can save lives.
If the brakes fail while driving
- Stay calm and warn others with hazard lights and the horn.
- Pump the brake pedal quickly several times; this can rebuild pressure.
- Shift down to a lower gear to use engine braking (manual: change down step by step; automatic: select a low gear).
- Apply the handbrake slowly and steadily, not suddenly, so the car does not skid.
- Steer toward a safe place such as an open grass or sandy area, or an uphill road to slow down.
- As a last resort, rub the side of the car lightly along a barrier or bank to scrub speed.
⚠️ After stopping: Do not drive again. Have the car towed to a workshop.
Warning signs
- Soft or spongy pedal that sinks.
- Grinding or squealing noises.
- Car pulls to one side when braking.
- Brake warning light on.
- Vibration in the pedal or steering.
- Burning smell after driving downhill.
Prevention
Check brake fluid level, replace worn pads before they grind the discs, change brake fluid every two years, and fix leaks immediately. On long downhill roads, use a lower gear instead of riding the brakes.